Adding organic matter – manure, slurry and crop residues

Regenerative agriculture is gaining importance as a response to problems linked to soil degradation, climate change and intensive agricultural production. One of the key practices in this approach is adding organic matter to the soil in the form of manure, slurry and crop residues. Thanks to these natural fertilisers, soil becomes healthier and more fertile, and it also supports greater biodiversity.

Manure – organic and fertiliser value

What is it? A natural fertiliser made of animal excrement mixed with bedding.

As a source of organic matter, manure is very valuable because of its organic nitrogen content.

For manure to give the best results, it should be stored for some time, usually about a year, before being spread on the field.

Slurry – rapid nitrogen availability

What is it? A liquid mixture of animal excrement and an appropriate amount of water.

Slurry is another type of natural fertiliser that supplies plants with nitrogen quickly.

However, this form of fertiliser carries certain risks, such as nutrients easily leaching into the surrounding environment, so it is important to apply slurry carefully and precisely to reduce its environmental impact.

Crop residues – a natural supplement

Crop residues such as stubble, straw and green manures are a great way to enrich the soil with natural components. As they decompose, they improve soil structure, help it retain water better and support the development of beneficial micro-organisms, which make it easier for plants to absorb nutrients.

What are the benefits of adding organic matter?

Using organic matter such as manure and slurry supports soil regeneration by improving its structure, increasing humus content and stimulating microbial life.
The presence of bacteria promotes a natural microbial balance, which in turn benefits plant health and leads to higher yields.

What is more, soil enriched with organic matter binds carbon dioxide better, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow down climate change.

Responsible use

Applying manure and slurry requires a responsible approach. Exceeding natural fertiliser rates, especially for nitrogen, can lead to excessive ammonia emissions, which harm air quality and human health. Poland has limits designed to reduce these emissions, such as a ban on exceeding 170 kg of nitrogen from natural fertilisers per hectare.

Farmers should also make sure they use appropriate methods, e.g. quickly incorporating manure into the soil, to limit nitrogen losses and ensure plants make better use of it. Modern technologies, such as precision fertiliser application systems, help reduce losses and make better use of available resources. The Foundation’s advisory services can help with this.